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Signal Routing & Attenuation•4-Port Directional

Directional Coupler (Edge-Coupled)

Samples forward RF power with high directivity and minimal mainline loss.

Directional Coupler (Edge-Coupled) — Photorealistic 3D PCB Hardware Render
NIKOLARF
Insertion Loss
-0.2 dB mainline loss (-20 dB coupler)
Isolation / Return Loss
> 35 dB Directivity (D = Isolation - Coupling)
Bandwidth
20% - 40% fractional bandwidth
Power Rating
High power throughput on through line (100W+ CW)

Device Topology & Electromagnetic Behavior

An edge-coupled microstrip transmission line pair designed to tap a calibrated fraction of mainline power (e.g., -10 dB, -20 dB, -30 dB) into the coupled port while preserving forward transmission. Used extensively in VSWR monitoring, ALC transmitter feedback, and spectrum test benches.

ANALYTICAL FORMULATIONS & S-MATRIX MAPPING
C = 20 log₁0 ≤ft| fracZ₀e - Z₀oZ₀e + Z₀o | [dB]
• Coupling factor determined by even- and odd-mode impedance differential.
Z₀ = √(Z₀e) · Z₀o = 50.0 Ω
• Mainline impedance matching condition.
Recommended Substrate Stackup

Rogers RT/duroid® 5880 (εr = 2.20) for low dispersion and minimal dielectric loss.

Nikola RF Fabrication Directives
  • Even/odd phase velocity compensation using dielectric overlays or wiggly lines.
  • 50 Ω precision thin-film termination on the isolated port.
Full-Lifecycle Engineering Services

Design, 3D EM Simulation & Handoff for Directional Coupler (Edge-Coupled)

We provide turnkey synthesis, multi-frequency full-wave simulation, and fabrication-ready packaging for the Directional Coupler (Edge-Coupled).

1. 3D Full-Wave FEM Modeling

Complete Ansys HFSS 3D CAD modeling with true edge-launch SMA or SMP connectors, via fence stitching, and adaptive mesh refinement down to ΔS < 0.007.

2. Sensitivity & Tolerance Sweeps

Monte Carlo statistical analysis over copper etching tolerances (±15 µm) and substrate permittivity variations to guarantee first-pass high-yield manufacturing.

3. Manufacturing Handoff

Delivery of verified simulation models, parameterized layout geometries, and photolithography-compliant Gerber RS-274X fabrication packages.

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Submit your operational frequency, bandwidth, power handling, and target substrate stackup. Our electromagnetic engineers will deliver a verified feasibility audit within 48 hours.

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Computational Electromagnetics • Microwave Co-Design • Strict Engineering Confidentiality